This report by Palestinian Youth Movement, Energy Embargo for Palestine and the Progressive International, reveals that crude oil shipments from Türkiye to Israel have routinely occurred on a systematic scale since May 2024, violating Türkiye’s publicly-stated policy of a trade embargo on Israel.  Oil is an integral component of Israel’s military and its settler-colonial expansionist project in Palestine and the region. Israel’s refineries in Haifa and Ashdod convert crude oil into fuel supplied to the Israeli army.1

As of October 2025, at least 40% of Israel’s total oil imports during the course of the genocide were from the Baku–Tblisi–Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline.2 This fuel enables the Israeli Air Force, military vehicles, and tanks to enact a genocide.3 In May 2024, the Turkish government announced a full suspension of trade with Israel, accounting for both exports and imports.4 However, findings shared in late 2024 identified individual tankers transporting crude oil from  Ceyhan, Türkiye to Ashkelon, Israel.5 These findings exposed that Türkiye violated its own trade embargo on Israel. Since then, President Erdogan and the Turkish Energy Ministry have doubled down in defending their embargo on Israel.